Belong by The Pains of Being Pure at Heart free essay sample

After falling in love with this band after hearing their self titled album early last year, I was very excited to hear more from The Pains of Being Pure at Heart since they had only released a 4 song EP since that first full length. Upon first hearing the band, I was immediately intrigued by their noisy, lo-fi, and obviously 80s post-punk inspired sound. With their soft, warm guitar playing and catchy love songs straight out of the diary of a 17 year old hopeless romantic protagonist from a Brat Pack film, this NYC band has proven to become one of my favorites. â€Å"Belong†, the band’s second LP, is seemingly less accessible than their self-titled album, and especially their â€Å"High Than The Stars† EP upon first listen. But as you let the record grow on you, and listen to songs like â€Å"Even In Dreams†, and â€Å"My Terrible Friend†, you see that this record becomes extremely catchy, and much easier to accept as an overall outstanding album. We will write a custom essay sample on Belong by The Pains of Being Pure at Heart or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This album starts out absolutely fantastic, but unfortunately loses my attention for a few tracks. I feel like this record comes back around with the the track â€Å"Anne With An E†. Despite my moderate boredom with the first few tracks, the proceeding 6 tracks are what makes this album an honest keepsake. Definitely in my top 5 records of the year.

Most Common Italian Words

Most Common Italian Words What are the 100 most commonly used Italian words? Its a frequently asked question, usually under the assumption that learning those words first will enable one to begin conversing more quickly in Italian. The following list, generated from subtitles of movies and television series (with a total of about 5.6 million words in 2008), includes the dictionary form where appropriate. 100 Most Common Italian Words RANK WORD LEMMA FORM 1. non non 2. di di 3. che che 4. à ¨ essere 5. e e 6. la la 7. il il 8. un un 9. a a 10. per per 11. in in 12. una una 13. mi mi 14. sono essere 15. ho avere 16. ma ma 17. l' la / lo 18. lo lo 19. ha avere 20. le le 21. si si 22. ti ti 23. i i 24. con con 25. cosa cosa 26. se se 27. io io 28. come come 29. da da 30. ci ci 31. no no 32. questo questo 33. qui qui 34. e' essere 35. hai avere 36. sei essere 37. del di + il 38. bene bene 39. tu tu 40. sà ¬ sà ¬ 41. me me 42. pià ¹ pià ¹ 43. al a + il 44. mio mio 45. c' ci 46. perchà © per + chà © 47. lei lei 48. solo solo 49. te te 50. era essere 51. gli gli 52. tutto tutto 53. della di + la 54. cosà ¬ cosà ¬ 55. mia mia 56. ne ne 57. questa questa 58. fare fare 59. quando quando 60. ora ora 61. fatto fare 62. essere essere 63. so sapere 64. mai mai 65. chi chi 66. o o 67. alla a + la 68. tutti tutto 69. molto molto 70. dei di + i 71. anche anche 72. detto dire 73. quello quello 74. va andare 75. niente niente 76. grazie grazie 77. lui lui 78. voglio volere 79. abbiamo avere 80. stato essere 81. nel in + il 82. suo suo 83. dove dove 84. posso potere 85. oh oh! (interjection) 86. prima prima 87. allora allora 88. siamo essere 89. d' di 90. uno uno 91. un' una 92. sua suo 93. tuo tuo 94. hanno avere 95. noi noi 96. sta stare 97. fa fare 98. due due 99. vuoi volere 100. ancora ancora

Healthy eating plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Healthy eating plan - Essay Example This paper will focus on my current eating habits, the nutritional recommendations I received from the Supertracker, and how this tool is vital for us Americans. My food groups and calories reports in the supertracker revealed that I am ‘under’ in the categories of grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy and oils. I am only ‘ok’ as far as my protein intake is concerned. Although my total calorie intake is 1608 which is ‘ok’ as the total calorie limit for a person like me with a weight of 163 lbs. and 5 ‘9’ height is determined to be 2800 calories according to the supertracker. As far as grains are concerned, my intake of whole grains is below the recommended level, which is 1 ½ ounces against a recommendation of 6 ounces, though refined grains intake is over the suggested level. I consumed only 1 cup of vegetables against the recommended level of 3 ½ cups for five days and only  ¼ cup of fruits against the suggested level of 3 ½ c ups. My intake of dairy products is also much below the necessary level (1/2 cup instead of 3 cups) and oils consumption is also lower than the required level. This analysis has revealed that there is a need to increase my level of intake in all the above food categories except protein. To improvise my food and calories intake, I shall include the following in my daily diet:†¢ Intake of whole grains like wheat and reduce the level of refined grains like rice.

Honors Political Science Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Honors Political Science - Research Paper Example The American political system has been mostly unkind to third parties. Third parties function more as sideshows or irritants than significant rivals in US elections. Third parties, such as the American Vegetarian Party, Libertarian Party, Nativist Know-Nothing Party and Agrarian Populist party, have been invaluable as safety valves with regard to alienated voters, as well as sources of new ideas. When these new ideas become popular among the electorate, principal parties typically adopt the ideas. In the last half of the 20th century, third parties were considered as transitory and primarily had insufficient and ineffective infrastructures (Aldrich 211). In 1948, Southerners rejected the Democratic Party’s turn towards civil rights; thus, the Southerners exited to establish the Dixiecrats or otherwise called State’s Rights Democratic Party. Dixiecrats’ candidate Storm Thurmond won many popular votes and 39 electoral votes from numerous Southern states. In the sam e year, Henry Wallace’s party, which had broken away from the leftist Democratic coalition, formed the Progressive Party and won a majority of the votes scattering the North and Midwestern votes. Two decades later, similar civil rights issues pushed a Southern breakaway political group to unite in the American Independent Party allowing George Wallace’s party to win nearly 10 million votes. In the modern era, third parties draw the most attention by being the heroic independent voice against the nominees of the main parties.

History of Medicine and Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

History of Medicine and Science - Essay Example To this end, medieval scholars such as Thomas Aquinas supported Aristotle’s theory concerning the material world ( Gribbin, 47).The theory stated that the world was made up of four elements such as water, fire, air, and earth. Moreover, the medieval scholars used the theory of the four elements to formulate the principle alchemy. In this regard, they believed that the four elements formed part of the human body to create the four humours. These were blood, yellow bile, phlegm and black bile. Furthermore, medieval civilization believed in the philosophy of a Greek astronomer known as Ptolemy ( Gribbin, 104). In this regard, the Ptolemaic system espoused that the earth was placed at the centre of everything in the universe. However, following the advent of the scientific revolution, these medieval lines of thought were challenged by eminent intellectual leaders. Notable scholars in the scientific revolution included people such as Nicholas Copernicus (1473-1543). Evidently, Cope rnicus is credited with publishing â€Å"De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium† also known as â€Å"On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres† (Gribbin, 398). In this regard, Copernicus theorised that the Earth revolved annually, around through sun through its daily, rotational movements on its axis. This theory was a direct challenge on the long held theory that the Earth was situated centrally at the universe with all the planets, Sun and moon rotating around it. Galileo Galilee was another eminent Italian physicist, astronomer and philosopher associated with the scientific revolution (Gribbin, 298). To this end, he created a telescope which produced a magnification 30 greater than that seen by the natural eye. In this regard, he used the telescope to make numerous astronomical discoveries such as sunspots, valleys and mountains present on the moon’s surface, various phases evident on the Venus planet, and Planet Jupiter’s four greatest moons. To this e nd, he published the â€Å"Dialogues on the Two Chief Systems of the World.† Sir Isaac Newton was another great scientist of the scientific revolution engaged in the field of physics and mathematics. He is credited with publishing the â€Å"Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica† also known as the Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy† ( Gribbin, 476). Evidently, his findings exhibited how the gravity as a universal force was acting on all the objects within the universe. The scientific revolution scholars faced several obstacles that slowed down the progress of the scientific revolution. For example, Nicholas Copernicus was first afraid to publish his works â€Å"Concerning the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres.† Evidently, he was frightened at the possibility of provoking the theological views of the Church pertaining to the Church. On the other hand, Galileo’s work on the ‘Dialogues on the Two Chief Systems of the Worldâ₠¬â„¢ was challenged by the Church. It contributed to Galileo being placed under house arrest. 2) Explain the Scientific Method. Who were the pioneer thinkers who developed it in the 17th-18th centuries? Why was it a central concept in the growth

Causes of Childcare Policies, Initiatives and Laws

Causes of Childcare Policies, Initiatives and Laws 1. Introduction Childhood, the ten memorable years that fall between infancy and the onset of adolescence probably constitutes the most exciting period of a normal human life. Most men and women have the fondest memories of their childhood years, replete with a million discoveries, of new smells, sights, sounds, touches, and other delightful experiences, of times of safety, comfort, and security. While this is possibly true of most children, in rich and poor societies alike, for many others the world is different; it is unfriendly, hostile, unwelcoming and extremely difficult. The worst affected are those who grow up in poverty and deprivation, or in environments of parental conflict, substance abuse, homelessness, and domestic violence. Very distressingly, childhood problems exist not only in underdeveloped and chronically poor societies, but also in ample measure in richer and advanced countries, like the UK, the USA, and other West European nations. Childhood is a time of phenomenal growth, in all areas of human development, physical, social, emotional, and intellectual. Growth and development of children involves the meeting of many diverse needs, in areas like nutrition, accommodation, regulated activity, health and medical care, cleanliness, hygiene, and sanitation, as well as in areas that involve emotional, social and intellectual growth. Thousands of children in the UK grow up in environments and surroundings that are inadequate, in greater or lesser degree, for proper development; inadequacies that are caused by factors like broken homes, divorced parents, single parenting, poverty, deprivation, domestic violence, substance abuse and child abuse. British society has always been concerned about the proper upbringing of its children and its role in the building of national character. The centuries old saying about the battle of Waterloo being won on the playing fields of Eton is a reminder of the preoccupation of the British with proper upbringing of their young. Recent years have seen increasing concern about improving conditions for the development of children, and have led to a number of governmental initiatives that aim to change the scope and ambit of public services committed to helping and improving this area. This essay aims to examine the origin and status of these initiatives, as well as their likely impact, both positive and negative in meeting the developmental needs of children. 2. Commentary Recent times have been ones of intense social change. The period that commenced after the closing of the Second World War has seen widespread social restructuring, caused by a multitude of factors like the splintering of families, the practice of children moving out of parental homes at relatively early ages, increasing divorce rates, sharp boosts in the numbers of working women, the greater incidence of single parenting, and the absence of grandparents in normal family life. These various reasons have quite often led to parents being inadequately informed, or even otherwise, being unable to satisfy the developmental needs of children. While inadequacies like these are common in normal families, they become far more complicated and result in great inequities upon children in environments involving poverty, deprivation, homelessness, substance abuse, domestic violence and child abuse. Increased immigration and the quiet and gradual formation of a multicultural, multiethnic, and multir eligious society have also led to the development of a number of social segments with different levels of affluence, education and ability. All these factors contribute to the challenges faced by society and government in providing all children with a level playing field and in satisfying their developmental needs. The British social structure has possessed, for many years, public infrastructure responsible for providing financial, physical, medical and scholastic support to children, more so for children from disturbed and difficult backgrounds, living in their natural domestic backgrounds, as well as in places like foster homes and institutions. Various governmental agencies like the department of health, the NHS, and local authorities, work with the help of paid and voluntary social workers to ensure assessment of needs and appropriate action. While the level and efficacy of the support provided to children had always been a source of concern in the past for most citizens, disturbed by occasional media reports of the unsatisfactory state of affairs, matters came to a head with the occurrence of two deaths, 13 year old Aliyah Ismail, in 1989, and 8 year old Victoria Climbie in 2000. Both Aliyah and Victoria, children of immigrants met horrific deaths, despite the full knowledge and involvemen t of social workers in their cases. Aliyah, in and out of several foster homes and institutions, died of a methadone overdose in a decrepit building in Camden Town, whereas Victoria Climbie died after receiving severe physical injuries from her aunt, who was then her carer, and her male companion. At the time of death, her body bore marks of more than 120 separate injuries. The resultant media uproar and several inquiries, commissioned by local bodies and the government, and conducted by eminent and qualified experts, laid the blame for the episodes upon the inadequate working of the social care infrastructure. Aliyah moved more than 60 times, between relatives, homes, and institutions, in the few years she was in care. (Brindle, 1999) The Blackburn report, commissioned by the Harrow local council, focussed on her distressing life, under the country’s programme for children in care, and largely indicted the functioning of the social care system. Victoria Climbie’s death caused even greater anguish and led to a number of investigations by Lord Laming at the specific instance of the government. The investigations and the ensuing report, which laid bare the functioning of the agencies involved in Victoria’s care, revealed that social workers were fully aware of Victoria’s condition and ignored twelve separate occasions to give h er protection and relief, led to widespread anguish, a national resolve to take better care of the country’s young, and finally to a number of initiatives aimed to ensure better care and development of children living in the UK. The key message running through the report is that individual failings, poor standards and ineffective systems are the consequence of a failure in leadership. Senior managers in all agencies, and elected members, are responsible, and thus accountable for this failure. Lord Laming refers to the principle failure to protect Victoria was as a result of widespread organisational malaise. (The Victoria Climbie Enquiry, 2003) While Lord Laming’s report catalysed governmental and public action in the last three years, the issue of addressing children’s needs adequately had first engaged lawmakers nearly twenty years back, when deliberations on the issue led to the enactment of The Children Act, 1989. The legislation, which came into effect in 1993 aimed to radically change the existing approach to meet the needs of children by (a) making children’s welfare a priority, (b) recognising that children grow up best in their families, whenever possible, (c) ensuring the duty of local authorities to provide services for children and families in need, (d) promoting partnership between children, parents, and local authorities, improving the way courts deal with children, and (e) protecting the rights of children. (Children Act 1989) Various child support initiatives owe their origins to the 1989 legislation. A further flurry of activity occurred after the publication of the Kennedy Report in 1989, and the Laming Report in 2003, on the deficiencies that existed in areas of health, education, and social support for all children, especially for those who live in difficult circumstances, either in their domestic environments, or with others. The publication of these reports, discussions in the media and various public forums, and governmental initiatives led to the preparation and publication of the Green Paper â€Å"Every Child Matters† in 2003, which outlined a new approach to the well being of children from birth to 19 and aimed to achieve 5 desired outcomes, namely (a) be healthy, (b) stay safe, (c) enjoy and achieve, (d) make a positive contribution and (e) achieve economic well being. (Every child matters: change for children, 2007) The enactment of The Children Act 2004 and initiatives in various areas aim to transform children’s services by increasing opportunities and reducing risk, as far as possible. The department of health, the department of education, the NHS, and local authorities will work in tandem to achieve this objective. All local authorities now need to work with partners, especially schools, and the NHS, to locate the needs of children and take appropriate action. A number of successive documents detail the approach required by these authorities. Three important initiatives expected to play important roles in the furtherance of child welfare objectives are the Children and Young People’s Plan (CYP), the Common Assessment Framework (CAF) and the National Services Framework (NSF) The NSF for children, published in September 2004, the first such effort in he world, determines standards for children’s health and social services for children, young people and pregnant women, as well as the coordination of these services with education. It is a key delivery mechanism of the â€Å"be healthy† outcome of the â€Å"Every Child Matters† programme and aims to bring about a fundamental change in these services by attempting ensure that their design and delivery focus on the ascertained needs of children and their families. The programme, scheduled to run for ten years, expects to achieve targeted standards for ensuring fair, high quality and integrated health and social care from pregnancy, right through to adulthood. (National Service Framework Documents, 2006) The standards are divided into three parts, part one focussing on services for children and young people, part two dealing with particular groups of children, and part three with maternity services. While full implementation could take upto ten years for implementation, the framework plans to increasingly assess the NHS and local authorities on the quality of their services and the progress achieved in meeting the standards. (National Service Framework Documents, 2006) Criticism of the National Service Framework has ranged from the use of exhaustive recording for surveillance purposes, to issues like over insitutionalisation and consequent dilution of medical care, and the impracticality of cooperative working on such large scales. The conceptualisation and implementation of the Common Assessment Framework (CAF is one of the distinguishing elements of the overarching â€Å"Every Child Matters† initiative. Truly ambitious in its scope, the CAF aims to enable all people working with children, young people and their families, to evaluate distinct needs of different children and families. Once the CAF is fully in use, children’s centres or schools will arrange for most assessments, and will thereby help in identifying children with additional needs before they become serious concerns. Situations that could possibly need the use of CAF include poor nutrition or ill health, substance misuse, anxiety or depression, problematic housing, poor attendance or exclusion from school, overt parental conflict, lack of parental support, disruptive or anti social behaviour, and involvement, or the risk of involvement, in offences. The CAF will obviously not be suitable for the majority of children who make normal p rogress through the universally available services. However, it could really help in identifying the needs of many troubled children at stages where corrective action and appropriate support could change future outcomes very positively. (Common Assessment Framework, 2007) The Children and Young People programme aims to reduce underachievement and improve life chances of children through a set of measures that include taking measures for extended schools, extended early years, looked after children and vulnerable young adults, youth, child protection and children with special needs and disabilities. The programme plans to further educational development and improve health, well being and social inclusion through integrated delivery of support and services. The extended schools concept forms the core of the CYP package by providing activities that essentially look after children for greater hours and effectively reduce the load on parents. Extended Schools will provide activities based on their particular circumstances and needs, but taken from a ‘menu’ which will include breakfast clubs, after-school study support and after-school youth, sport and leisure activities; programmes for parents and community use of schools. The focus will be on supporting learning, creativity and healthy lifestyles, including tackling obesity in children. (Children and Young People Funding Package, 2006) The chief criticisms of the CYP programme focus on the excessive local planning and decision-making, as well as political initiatives that revolve around doing things to young people rather than giving them, and when they are too young, their parents â€Å"the freedom, responsibility and tools to do things for themselves.† (Warpole, 2004) The importance of engaging young people more effectively to participate in all activities is thought to be important by many researchers. 3. Conclusion The UK is going through an epochal change in the development of its young. The planned changes, if successfully implemented, could well result in the creation of a much more competent, tolerant and well adjusted society. The enactment of the Children Bill of 2004, and the slew of initiatives, which apart from the discussed issues, also include the formation of Children’s Trusts, and the Sure Start programme, aim to take the benefits of health, housing, education, social and emotional support, to every child in the nation. Delivered through cooperative inter agency working and focussed on the needs of children and their families, the initiatives include precautionary measures to locate children with problematic needs that need to be addressed early enough in life. While the advantages of the initiatives are enormous, and painstakingly designed to help millions of children, the aim of delivering all these services, through state and local agencies, raises concerns that could wel l turn out to be important. State agencies are notorious for evolving into bureaucratic, system driven, and uncaring, irrespective institutions, of country, society or work ethic of the people. The UK has had its own unhappy experiences with state controlled corporations, as well as with the NHS. The idea of the state, albeit with a certain extent of private participation, taking over a major portion of the responsibility of bringing up children could be fraught with dangers that may arise out of improper and inadequate implementation. It needs remembering that the Aliyah Ismail and Victoria Climbie incidents happened not because of the absence of state support, but despite it. Excessive state control also leads to unnecessary documentation, possibilities of surveillance, and the need for a control and audit mechanism, all of which work against the main objectives of programmes under implementation. Now that the programmes are under way, the challenge will come in their implementation, and in ensuring that they meet their objectives. Bibliography Brindle, D, 1999, Drug death girl shuttled among carers, the Guardian, Retrieved April 30, 2007 from www.guardian.co.uk/drugs/Story/0,,201042,00.html Children Act, 1989, Retrieved April 30, 2007 from www.yjb.gov.uk/en-gb/practitioners/Accommodation/LegislationandResponsibilities/ChildrenAct1989/ Children in Care: now and then, 2000, BBC News, Retrieved April 30, 2007 from news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/642288.stm Child Development Chart book, 2004, The Commonwealth Fund, retrieved April 30, 2007 from www.cmwf.org/publications/publications_show.htm?doc_id=237483 Children are unbeatable: alliance, 2007, Retrieved April 30, 2007 from www.childrenareunbeatable.org.uk/pdfs/actionsheetedm606jan07.pdf Children and young people funding package, 2006, Department of education, Retrieved April 30, 2007 from www.deni.gov.uk/index/21-pupils_parents-pg/children-and-young-people-funding-package.htm Common assessment Framework, 2007, Every child matters, Retrieved April 30, 2007 from www.everychildmatters.gov.uk/deliveringservices/caf/ Christensen, P. OBrien, M. (Eds.)., 2002, Children in the City: Home, Neighborhood, and Community. London: Routledge. Every child matters: Change for children, 2007, National literacy trust, retrieved April 30, 2007 from www.literacytrust.org.uk/socialinclusion/youngpeople/greenpaper.html Hallett, C. Prout, A. (Eds.). (2003). Hearing the Voices of Children: Social Policy for a New Century. New York: Routledge. Hocutt, A. M., Mckinney, J. D., Montague, M., 2002, The Impact of Managed Care on Efforts to Prevent Development of Serious Emotional Disburbance in Young Children. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 13(1), 51+. Jacobs, J. E. Klaczynski, P. A. (Eds.)., 2005, The Development of Judgment and Decision Making in Children and Adolescents. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. National Service Framework for children, young people and maternity services, 2007, Department for health, Retrieved April 30, 2007 from www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/idcplg?IdcService=SS_GET_PAGEsiteId=enssTargetNodeId=566ssDoc Reeves, R., 2003, The Battle for Childhood: We All Love Children; Even Politicians Do. Yet We Are in Danger of Taking from Them Everything That Is Most Precious Freedom, Health and Happiness. New Statesman, 132, 18+. The Victoria Climbie Enquiry, 2003, Retrieved April 30, 2007 from www.victoria-climbie-inquiry.org.uk Warpole, K, 2005, play, participation and potential, groundwork, Retrieved April 30, 2007 from www.groundwork.org.uk/upload/publications/publication11.pdf

Abraham Lincoln and Huckleberry Finn

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a novel that was written by Mark Twain. The novel was published in 1884 in England and a year later in the United States. The book chronicles the adventures of Huckleberry Finn, a boy running away from being â€Å"sivilized† and Jim, a runaway slave. The book follows them as they travel down the Mississippi River. As the novel progresses and Jim and Huck become closer friends, we begin to see Huck’s inner struggle. He is torn between two different moral commitments- to the slave society he has grown up in and his friendship with Jim.Huck has been trained to tolerate and support slavery, and his friendship with Jim enables him to see the injustice of the institution. Completing my part of the PIOP, Abraham Lincoln and the Emancipation Proclamation, enabled me to see the similarities in the beliefs of Abraham Lincoln and Huck. Both grew up in a time and place where slavery was considered acceptable and racism was ever-present. As the two grew up, or in Huck’s case spent time with a slave, their views began to gradually change. It took Lincoln a while longer to believe that slavery was morally wrong, but for most of his life he advocated for the abolishment of slavery.My part of the project gave me an opportunity to research one of the greatest reformers, orator, and president this country has ever seen. Abraham Lincoln’s humble beginnings in a one-room log cabin in Kentucky gave him the ability to empathize with the common man and those less fortunate than him. From the beginning of his political career until his assassination, Abraham Lincoln advocated for the abolishment of slavery, at first saying it would benefit the United States economically and then on the basis that it was morally wrong. Even though his point of view made him unpopular in the South, he was still elected president in 1860.Abraham Lincoln being president guaranteed slaves and free blacks that they had someone on their side; s omeone to advocate on their behalf. When southern states began to secede from the Union and the Civil War broke out, Lincoln was presented with an opportunity to free the slaves once and for all as a war tactic. On January 1, 1863, Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation that freed all slaves in rebellious states. Although Lincoln maintained that his duty was to â€Å"save the Union, and is not either to save or destroy slavery,† emancipation is argued as one of his greatest achievements.Lincoln was the first president to combat the issue of slavery head-on. Even though the Emancipation Proclamation didn’t as work as well as he hoped, it paved the way for the passage of Amendment 13 which outlawed slavery in the United States. Mark Twain wrote The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn twenty years after the Civil War and the Emancipation Proclamation. Slavery had been abolished and the North and South were somewhat getting along. Why would Twain publish a novel about morals about an institution that was no longer in place? Legally, blacks and whites were equal, but there was still a problem with racism.

Introduction to Communications Research

Simple: contain one independent and one dependent variable. . Testable: the ability to test the relationship among variables must be clear. 4. Useful: should provide new 3 criteria for monotheistic causal relationships 1 . Variables are correlated I. E. Describes statistical relationship between 2 variables 2. The cause takes place before the effect (post hoc ergo proper hoc) 3. The relationship between variables is non-spurious Monotheistic explanation is probabilistic in nature and is usually incomplete. Exceptions do not disprove a demonstrated monotheistic causal relationships. Causal relationships can exist even if they do not apply to the majority of cases.Longitudinal Studies Cross-sectional Studies Observations taken at single point in time. Explanation occurs by examining differences across the units of analysis (hopefully representative of population). Less expensive, but harder to establish cause and effect. Observations are taken more than once. Explanation occurs by exam ining differences across time. More expensive, but easier to provide sense of cause and effect. Trend Studies Examines changes in a population across time. Investigator samples randomly from a population over time, with different individuals constituting each sample. Hard to understand WHY change occurred as participants differ.Cohort Studies A type of longitudinal research where an investigator randomly samples from a but cause and effect still hard to show as surveys change. Cohort Analysis: Any study in which some characteristic of one or more cohorts is measured at two or more times. Cohort: a group of people who are linked by some common characteristic of life event. Panel Studies A longitudinal study that examines changes in individuals across time. Panel studies provide the opportunity for more in-depth analysis. Each study collects data from he same individuals. Longitudinal panel studies are expensive but informative forms of research. One must account for attrition as each â€Å"wave† of data is collected from the panel. Reduce attrition by preparation and persistence.Disadvantages of Longitudinal Studies 1. By the time the study is complete, the original measures will have become outmoded, and the overall social context will have changed. Critics will question if the findings are relevant. 2. Longitudinal researchers have to accept postponed gratification. 3. Difficult to secure funding for longitudinal studies because funding iodides often press for measures relevant for cross-sectional questions, rather than longitudinal analysis. 4. Because of their expense, it will always be necessary to plan for multiple uses, and this carries the danger of not addressing any question thoroughly. 5. Attrition over time is an ever-present hazard.Advantages of Longitudinal Studies 1 . They allow an accurate time ordering of events to better address monotheistic causation. 2. They allow the study of within-individual change ? a more powerful causal analyses than cross-sectional surveys. 3. Because these are multiple data mints, they provide a better leverage on the handling of missing data Week 5: Experimental Design 1 19th and 20th century classical experimentation 0 Practice of holding everything constant except the one variable under consideration. 0 Not controlling all potential variables, but rather manipulating levels of selected independent variables in order to examine their influence on dependent variables.Control: experimental design controls background variability so that systematic effects of treatments can be observed. 1. Control by matching Some sources of variation may be eliminated by matching, which limits inerrability However matching is only possible on known and observable characteristics and perfect matching is never possible 2. Control by randomization Converts of all irrelevant sources of possible systematic variability into unsystematic variability (random error) Like life insurance, a precaution against distur bances that may or may not occur and that may or may not be serious if they do occur 3. Control by statistical adjustment Uses statistical relations to simulate matching and increase precision.Week 6: Experimental Design 2 Design: Total experimental plan or structure of experimental research. Pre-test: The initial observation of DVD among subjects (prior to ‘V). Post-test: The measurement of DVD among subjects (after introduction of ‘V). Laboratory Experiments vs. Field Experiments Ecological validity Hawthorne Effect: where subjects alter their behavior because they know they are being studied. As such, field experiments are often non-reactive. But often results in lack of control, as intervening variables might affect the precision of the experiment. Pre-experiments: designs follow basic experimental steps but fail to include a control group or random assignment. One-Shot Case Study One-Group Pre-Test-Post-Test Design

Concavenator - Facts and Figures

Concavenator - Facts and Figures Name: Concavenator (Greek for Cuenca hunter); pronounced con-CAV-eh-nate-or Habitat: Woodlands of western Europe Historical Period: Early Cretaceous (130 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 20 feet long and 2-3 tons Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Triangular hump on lower back; possible feathers on forearms About Concavenator Discovering a new genus of dinosaur is rare enough, but discovering a new genus of dinosaur possessing a never-before-seen anatomical feature is a once-in-a-lifetime event. So imagine the wonderment of the Spanish team of researchers that recently dug up Concavenator, a large theropod of early Cretaceous Europe that sported not one, but two, extremely odd adaptations: first, a triangular structure on its lower back, just above the hips, that may have supported a sail or fatty hump; and second, what appear to be quill knobs on its forearms, that is, bony structures that probably supported small arrays of feathers. So what accounts for these strange features? Well, the 20-foot-long Concavenator was a close relative of Carcharodontosaurus, which was itself related to the huge, sail-backed Spinosaurusso the hump/sail on this new dinosaur shouldnt come as a surprise, even though it was situated much further down the spinal column than on other dinosaurs (another surprise: until recently, these types of theropods were thought to be restricted to South America and Africa). As for the quill knobs, those are more of a mystery: to date, only much smaller theropods than Concavenator, mostly dino-birds and raptors, have shown evidence of arm feathers. Clearly, the feathers on Concavenators forearms (and probably only on its forearms) were meant for display rather than insulation, which may provide clues about the subsequent evolution of feathered flight.

Morgan Freeman essays

Morgan Freeman essays Morgan Freeman is a wild card actor. He usually plays the roll of the guy that thinks things out more than was thought possible by the other characters. Born in 1937 Morgan Freeman had a difficult childhood moving from place to place and was encouraged to act to stay out of trouble. Freeman has done quite a few movies many of which have been big hits which leaves great impressions on the viewers and bring them back to see more. His character always thinks about things in different ways then everyone else and he leaves the viewers trying to do the same. The movies he does usually have a plot line that jumps around keeping the viewer on the edge of their seat. Morgan Freeman has given the movie industry an unpredictable actor that can change the movie numerous times and keep the viewer glued to the screen the whole time. Morgan Freeman was also nominated for 3 Academy Awards for The Shawshank Redemption, Street Smarts and Driving Miss Daisy. Morgan Freeman was born June1, 1937, in Memphis, Tennessee, to Morgan and Mayme Freeman. As a child Morgan moved a lot. He lived with his grandmother for 4 years until she died he moved back with his parents in Chicago and after only six months his mother left her husband and took Morgan back to Greenwood, Mississippi, but didnt stay for long. They continued to move about threw out his childhood. He wont speak much about it, but Morgan was in a gang for a short time, but got out by having many school activities to tend to. To stay out of mischief Morgan was encouraged to act in school plays. One time he pulled a chair out from under a girl ha liked in class, but instead of getting in trouble, his teacher offered him a part in a school play, which he won state championship prize for best actor. He didnt take acting serious at this time and after high school he joined the Air Force in 1955. Morgans first big acting role was in the childre...

Implementing change Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Implementing change - Research Paper Example This is because changes in office can bring about stress and anxiety among the employees (Rothwell, 2001). There are a number of ways that a manager can use to successfully implement changes in the department. Communication in any organization is vital. It is the role of the managers to ensure that communication channels are followed and the right message is conveyed and in time. As a manager, therefore, if there are changes in the organization that might either in the short run or long run affect one’s specific department, it is vital to make the communication to the workers in that department in time. Earlier information helps to ease the effects of change. Embrace the positive sides of the change and share it with your workers. When the employees see that their leader is positive with the upcoming change, then they will accept. This thus results to good performance within the said department. When the changes are focusing to a specific department, it can be a source of conflicts and disagreements between the employees from the other departments. It is the duty of the manager to explain to all other workers why the change is focusing a particular department and not all. This is to help curb the feeling of unfairness among the workers, (Britain, 2007). After giving out the necessary information regarding the change, invite suggestions from the employees. Also, let them ask questions regarding the upcoming changes and answer them appropriately. Communication helps in making the transition smooth. When communicating about the change, it is important to give a timeframe of when it is going to happen. Delay on implementation may raise anxiety among the employees. Have goals that are timely and learn to keep promises, (Rothwell, 2001). In case the change is not implemented as earlier stated, inform your employees and give reasons behind the delay. Mange well the department changes and make everyone

Rooms Division Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Rooms Division - Assignment Example The front office sells guestrooms, register guests, and assign guestrooms among other duties. Housekeeping department on the other hand is responsible for the cleanliness, appearance, and condition of the entire hotel. This includes the public areas. It is the largest department in terms of number of people employed. It is the goal of every business enterprise to maximize profits McDonald (1993). Revenue management encompasses the maximization of the total revenue of a hotel. Yield management concentrates on the revenue maximization of accommodation, such as guest rooms, meeting and convention rooms or restaurant space This is the process of understanding, anticipating and influencing the consumer behavior as a way of maximizing profits from fixed or perishable resources such as hotel reservations (www.hotelmule.com/yieldmanagement). Hotels need to sell the right product to the right customer at the right time for the right price (www.wikipedia.org)There is three revenue management methods for measuring the yield management namely: This technique is used to estimate based on history, expectations, trends or experience of an activity over a certain period of time. Forecasting room availability is forecasting the number of rooms available for sale on any future date (www.hotelmule.com/forecasting). It helps manage the reservation process, guides the front office staff for an effective room’s management, and can be used as an occupancy forecast, which is further, useful in attempting to schedule the necessary number of employees for an expected volume of business. Models include; statistical and judgmental. Statistical models include; trend projection, seasonal and smoothing while judgmental include; expert opinion, market surveys and Delphi technique. Moving Average method-Similar to the â€Å"percentage growth method†, the moving average method assumes an increasing or decreasing trend. This technique is aimed at smoothing